Corpus de fidelidad empírica
La lista pública de las 50 publicaciones utilizadas para medir la fidelidad del scoring (ÉNS, distribución gaussiana neutra, μ=50, σ=20).
Metodología vigente: v2.0.0 (desde el 21/10/2026)
¿Qué es una versión de metodología?
Para medir la fidelidad de cada modo de scoring, usamos un corpus público y estable de publicaciones temáticas (47 hoy, objetivo 50). Distribución alineada con el objetivo teórico (gaussiana neutra, μ=50, σ=20): 5A / 14B / 9C / 14D / 5E + 3 retractados (X) — la diferencia observado/objetivo se muestra tal cual, nunca se cierra moviendo un umbral.
¿Por qué un corpus fijo? Para que la fidelidad empírica sea reproducible: si cambiamos la rejilla o un evaluador, volvemos a medir sobre el mismo corpus → la brecha es cuantificable, no opinable.
¿Por qué 47 publicaciones para la distribución / 34 publicaciones apareadas?
De las 47 publicaciones del corpus, 34 tienen una referencia PDF completo (IA) medible. Las otras 13 se puntúan a partir del resumen (IA) porque su PDF está bloqueado tras el paywall de NEJM, Lancet, JAMA u otras grandes revistas que no exigen depósito en acceso abierto. La medición de concordancia publicada (insignias de fidelidad) se estableció en mayo de 2026 sobre 28 publicaciones apareadas; se volverá a medir en la próxima repetición sobre las publicaciones apareadas actuales.
Esta asimetría no es un defecto, es una elección metodológica deliberada que refleja la ciencia médica real: la medicina clínica de vanguardia se publica mayoritariamente en revistas con paywall. Construir un corpus 100% paired habría introducido un sesgo de selección hacia el acceso abierto puro (BMJ, PLOS, Cochrane) y haría inalcanzable una distribución de niveles realista — la mayoría de las publicaciones del nivel A aparecen precisamente en NEJM/Lancet.
Consecuencia operativa: la distribución de niveles (objetivo 5A/14B/9C/14D/5E/3X) se calcula sobre las 47 publicaciones, y la fidelidad empírica (concordancia Resumen (IA) vs PDF completo, concordancia Metadatos (Rápido) vs PDF completo) sobre las publicaciones apareadas. Ambas medidas siguen siendo honestas porque responden a dos preguntas diferentes: «¿refleja el corpus la ciencia médica?» y «¿puntúan los modos de forma coherente entre sí?».
Limitación asumida: la medición de concordancia publicada (mayo de 2026) no incluía ninguna publicación de nivel A apareada — el nivel A es raro y se publica mayoritariamente en revistas con paywall. Esta limitación es una propiedad estructural del ecosistema editorial científico — no una elección arbitraria nuestra.
Distribución observada vs objetivo teórico
(ÉNS, distribución gaussiana neutra, μ=50, σ=20)
| A | B | C | D | E | X | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distribución objetivo | 5 | 14 | 9 | 14 | 5 | 3 |
| Observado | 2 | 14 | 9 | 14 | 5 | 3 |
Las 47 publicaciones del corpus
| Nivel | Puntuación | PMID | Título | Revista | Año | Modo | Paired | Tema | Señal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 78 | 32445440 | Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 - Final Report. | The New England journal of medicine | 2020 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | COVID-treatments | |
| A | 76 | 33627334 | Statin treatment and muscle symptoms: series of randomised, placebo controlled n-of-1 trials. | BMJ (Clinical research ed.) | 2021 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Cardio | |
| B | 69 | 33205991 | Effectiveness of Adding a Mask Recommendation to Other Public Health Measures to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Danish Mask Wearers : A Randomized Controlled Trial. | Annals of Internal Medicine | 2020 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| B | 68 | 18303940 | Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: a meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration. | PLOS Medicine | 2008 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | MentalHealth | |
| B | 68 | 33882225 | Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19. | The New England Journal of Medicine | 2021 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | COVID-vaccines | |
| B | 66 | 29388196 | Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults. | The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | 2018 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | MetaEpistemo | |
| B | 64 | 26099233 | Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children. | Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | 2015 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| B | 64 | 35854107 | The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence. | Molecular Psychiatry | 2022 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | MentalHealth | |
| B | 63 | 40760353 | Ultraprocessed or minimally processed diets following healthy dietary guidelines on weight and cardiometabolic health: a randomized, crossover trial. | Nature Medicine | 2025 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Endocrino | |
| B | 61 | 24519768 | Twenty five year follow-up for breast cancer incidence and mortality of the Canadian National Breast Screening Study: randomised screening trial. | BMJ | 2014 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Onco | |
| B | 61 | 31255301 | Population-level impact and herd effects following the introduction of human papillomavirus vaccination programmes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. | Lancet (London, England) | 2019 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| B | 60 | 34020944 | Nonreplicable publications are cited more than replicable ones. | Science Advances | 2021 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | MetaEpistemo | |
| B | 60 | 36715243 | Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. | The Cochrane database of systematic reviews | 2023 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| B | 58 | 22998339 | A randomized trial of sugar-sweetened beverages and adolescent body weight. | New England Journal of Medicine | 2012 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Nutrition | |
| B | 58 | 41326666 | Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a phase 2b clinical trial. | Nature Medicine | 2025 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Neurology | |
| B | 56 | 21091279 | Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men. | The New England journal of medicine | 2010 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Clinical | |
| C | 54 | 20233825 | Stereotactic body radiation therapy for inoperable early stage lung cancer. | JAMA | 2010 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Onco | |
| C | 52 | 26187233 | A 2-Year Randomized Controlled Trial of Human Caloric Restriction: Feasibility and Effects on Predictors of Health Span and Longevity. | The Journals of Gerontology: Series A | 2015 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Cardio | |
| C | 50 | 40634782 | Plasma proteomics links brain and immune system aging with healthspan and longevity. | Nature Medicine | 2025 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Neurology | |
| C | 49 | 33306989 | Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. | The Lancet | 2021 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| C | 49 | 34278372 | Impact of original, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351/P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineages on vaccine effectiveness of two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Results from a nationwide case-control study in France. | Lancet Regional Health – Europe | 2021 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| C | 48 | 25244186 | Ebola virus disease in West Africa--the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections. | The New England journal of medicine | 2014 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| C | 48 | 31621801 | Circulating Tumor DNA Analyses as Markers of Recurrence Risk and Benefit of Adjuvant Therapy for Stage III Colon Cancer. | JAMA oncology | 2019 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Onco | |
| C | 47 | 31922679 | A network meta-analysis of the effects of psychotherapies, pharmacotherapies and their combination in the treatment of adult depression. | World Psychiatry | 2020 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | MentalHealth | |
| C | 46 | 40839273 | GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cancer Risk in Adults With Obesity. | JAMA Oncology | 2025 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Onco | |
| D | 44 | 41270766 | Ultra-processed foods and human health: the main thesis and the evidence. | Lancet (London, England) | 2025 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Nutrition | |
| D | 43 | 18635428 | Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet. | New England Journal of Medicine | 2008 | Resumen (IA) | — | Nutrition | |
| D | 41 | 16060722 | Why most published research findings are false. | PLoS medicine | 2005 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | MetaEpistemo | |
| D | 41 | 32015508 | A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. | Nature | 2020 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| D | 41 | 35116013 | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Protection Against Clinical Disease: A Retrospective Study, Bouches-du-Rhône District, Southern France, 2021. | Frontiers in Microbiology | 2022 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| D | 40 | 23413192 | Multiple instances of ancient balancing selection shared between humans and chimpanzees. | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 2013 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Clinical | |
| D | 39 | 33835769 | Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination. | The New England Journal of Medicine | 2021 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | COVID-vaccines | |
| D | 37 | 15328324 | Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women. | JAMA | 2004 | Resumen (IA) | — | Nutrition | |
| D | 33 | 31986264 | Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. | Lancet (London, England) | 2020 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| D | 31 | 10376617 | Autism and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: no epidemiological evidence for a causal association. | Lancet | 1999 | Resumen (IA) | — | COVID-vaccines | |
| D | 31 | 23159055 | The Salmonella kinase SteC targets the MAP kinase MEK to regulate the host actin cytoskeleton. | Cell Host Microbe | 2011 | Resumen (IA) | — | Infectious | |
| D | 31 | 28322183 | The UN Decade of Nutrition, the NOVA food classification and the trouble with ultra-processing. | Public Health Nutrition | 2017 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Nutrition | |
| D | 31 | 32459046 | Scientific and Standardization Committee communication: Clinical guidance on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. | Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH | 2020 | PDF completo (IA) | ✓ | Infectious | |
| D | 27 | 12421889 | A population-based study of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and autism. | N Engl J Med | 2001 | Resumen (IA) | — | COVID-vaccines | |
| E | 25 | 33864435 | How Children and Youth with Medical Complexity Use Hospital and Emergency Department Care across Canada. | Healthcare Quarterly | 2021 | Resumen (IA) | — | Clinical | |
| E | 24 | 10917215 | Serum procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 for distinguishing bacterial and viral pneumonia in children. | The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal | 1999 | Resumen (IA) | — | Infectious | |
| E | 24 | 24508041 | Association of the use of MMRV in infants by pediatric infectious disease specialists with that of other affiliated providers. | Vaccine | 2013 | Resumen (IA) | — | COVID-vaccines | |
| E | 23 | 32516120 | [Programming and reprogramming from conception till death]. | New England Journal of Medicine | 2020 | Resumen (IA) | — | Clinical | |
| E | 23 | 38658043 | General practice management after transition events: protocol for an experience-based co-design study. | BJGP open | 2024 | Resumen (IA) | — | MetaEpistemo | |
| X | 0 | 9500320 | Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. | Lancet | 1998 | Resumen (IA) | — | COVID-vaccines | Retractado |
| X | 0 | 23432189 | Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. | New England Journal of Medicine | 2013 | Resumen (IA) | — | Nutrition | Retractado |
| X | 0 | 32356626 | Cardiovascular Disease, Drug Therapy, and Mortality in Covid-19. | The New England Journal of Medicine | 2020 | Resumen (IA) | — | Cardio | Retractado |
Leyenda de columnas
- Modo: método utilizado para puntuar esta publicación. PDF completo (IA) = análisis del texto íntegro; Resumen (IA) = resumen solo; Metadatos (IA) = título/revista/autores sin resumen; Entrada manual = puntuación manual via formulario.
- Apareado: ✓ si la publicación se usa en la medida de concordancia entre modos (referencia PDF completo disponible). — en caso contrario (PDF de pago, medido solo en su propio nivel).
Datos brutos
Los 47 archivos de puntuación están disponibles públicamente en el repositorio de código abierto. Cada archivo contiene, para una publicación, su puntuación detallada, el desglose por criterio, el coeficiente de integridad y las justificaciones de la IA. La medición de fidelidad es totalmente reproducible y gratuita a partir de estos archivos.